本文章仅对 x86_64 生效，其他架构例如 arm64 仅供参考
设置系统为非交互模式
export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
备份 sources.list
cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.back
Ubuntu
更新镜像源
UBUNTU_CODE=$(grep UBUNTU_CODENAME /etc/os-release | cut -d = -f 2)
cat >/etc/apt/sources.list <<EOF
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ ${UBUNTU_CODE} main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ ${UBUNTU_CODE}-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ ${UBUNTU_CODE}-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ ${UBUNTU_CODE}-backports main restricted universe multiverse
EOF
apt update -y
安装新内核
以 5.4.0-99-generic 为例，linux-headers 为开发工具包，可以不安装
apt install -y linux-image-5.4.0-99-generic linux-headers-5.4.0-99-generic
主线内核
可以在 kernel.ubuntu.com 获得 deb 文件并进行 手动安装
Debian
- 其中 [trusted=yes] 是关闭GPG信任检查
- 其中 sid 指开发版本，在此源可获得最新的软件包，但有可能会导致系统非常不稳定
cat> /etc/apt/sources.list<<EOF
deb [trusted=yes] http://mirrors.tencent.com/debian sid main contrib non-free
deb [trusted=yes] http://mirrors.tencent.com/debian backports main contrib non-free
EOF
apt update -y
GPG NO_PUBKEY 问题
apt install dirmngr -y
apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys XXXXXX
安装新内核
apt install -y linux-image-5.18.0-3-rt-amd64 linux-headers-5.18.0-3-rt-amd64
卸载旧内核
apt remove -y linux-headers-$(uname -r) linux-image-$(uname -r)
apt autoremove
恢复 sources.list
cp /etc/apt/sources.list.back /etc/apt/sources.list